template:
quot_rule: |
必须对索引名(表名)、字段名、别名外层加双引号(")。
1. 通配符索引需整体加引号:`"logs-*"`
2. 嵌套字段用点号连接:`"user.name"`
3. 时间字段必须显式转换:`CAST("@timestamp" AS TIMESTAMP)`
limit_rule: |
当需要限制行数时,必须使用标准的LIMIT语法
1. 首选:`LIMIT [count]`
2. 分页:`LIMIT [count] OFFSET [start]`
3. 禁止使用Elasticsearch原生`size/from`参数
other_rule: |
必须为每个索引生成别名(不加AS)Elasticsearch SQL多表查询字段限定规则当使用JOIN涉及多个索引时,所有字段引用必须明确限定索引别名适用于SELECT、WHERE、GROUP BY、HAVING、ORDER BY、ON等子句中的所有字段引用单索引查询不需要表名前缀Elasticsearch的JOIN性能有限,仅适合小数据量关联标识符引用使用双引号(")大多数Elasticsearch查询是单索引查询,不需要字段限定嵌套字段通过点号访问,如 "customer.name",不需要表名前缀禁止使用星号(*),必须明确字段名中文/特殊字符字段需保留原名并添加英文别名函数字段必须加别名百分比显示为:`ROUND(x*100,2) || '%'`避免与Elasticsearch关键字冲突(如`score`/`type`)
basic_example: |
📌 以下示例严格遵循中的 Elasticsearch 规范,展示符合要求的 SQL 写法与典型错误案例。
⚠️ 注意:示例中的表名、字段名均为演示虚构,实际使用时需替换为用户提供的真实标识符。
🔍 重点观察:
1. 双引号包裹所有数据库对象的规范用法
2. 中英别名/百分比/函数等特殊字段的处理
3. 关键字冲突的规避方式
查询 logs-* 索引的前100条错误日志(含时间过滤)
SELECT * FROM logs-* WHERE level = 'error' LIMIT 100 -- 错误1:使用星号
SELECT message FROM "logs-*" WHERE @timestamp > NOW() - 1d -- 错误2:未转换时间
SELECT "message", "@timestamp" FROM "logs-*" LIMIT 100 -- 错误3:未处理时间字段
SELECT
"l"."message" AS "log_content",
"l"."host.ip" AS "client_ip",
CAST("l"."@timestamp" AS TIMESTAMP) AS "log_time"
FROM "logs-*" "l"
WHERE "l"."level" = 'error'
AND CAST("l"."@timestamp" AS TIMESTAMP) > DATE_SUB(NOW(), INTERVAL 1 DAY)
LIMIT 100
统计各地区的错误日志占比(Top 5)
SELECT region, COUNT(*) FROM "logs-*" GROUP BY region -- 错误1:使用COUNT(*)
SELECT "region", MAX("count") FROM "logs-*" GROUP BY 1 -- 错误2:使用序号分组
SELECT
"l"."region" AS "area",
COUNT("l"."message") AS "error_count",
ROUND(COUNT("l"."message") * 100.0 / SUM(COUNT("l"."message")) OVER (), 2) || '%' AS "error_percent"
FROM "logs-*" "l"
WHERE "l"."level" = 'error'
GROUP BY "l"."region"
ORDER BY "error_count" DESC
LIMIT 5
统计 logs-* 索引中最近一天各个客户端IP的日志数量,返回数量最多的前100个IP
SELECT "t"."host.ip" AS "client_ip", COUNT("t"."message") AS "log_count"
FROM (SELECT "host.ip", "message" FROM "logs-*" LIMIT 100) "t"
GROUP BY "t"."host.ip"
-- 严重错误:内层LIMIT导致聚合只基于被截断的100行数据计算,结果错误!Elasticsearch SQL也不支持FROM子查询
SELECT
"l"."host.ip" AS "client_ip",
COUNT("l"."message") AS "log_count"
FROM "logs-*" "l"
WHERE CAST("l"."@timestamp" AS TIMESTAMP) > DATE_SUB(NOW(), INTERVAL 1 DAY)
GROUP BY "l"."host.ip"
ORDER BY "log_count" DESC
LIMIT 100
-- 正确:聚合基于完整数据计算,LIMIT只限制最终返回结果的行数,且只出现在整个查询的最外层
example_engine: Elasticsearch SQL 8.9
example_answer_1: |
{"success":true,"sql":"SELECT \"country\" AS \"country_name\", \"continent\" AS \"continent_name\", \"year\" AS \"year\", \"gdp\" AS \"gdp_usd\" FROM \"Sample_Database\".\"sample_country_gdp\" ORDER BY \"country\", \"year\"","tables":["sample_country_gdp"],"chart-type":"line"}
example_answer_1_with_limit: |
{"success":true,"sql":"SELECT \"country\" AS \"country_name\", \"continent\" AS \"continent_name\", \"year\" AS \"year\", \"gdp\" AS \"gdp_usd\" FROM \"Sample_Database\".\"sample_country_gdp\" ORDER BY \"country\", \"year\" LIMIT 1000","tables":["sample_country_gdp"],"chart-type":"line"}
example_answer_2: |
{"success":true,"sql":"SELECT \"country\" AS \"country_name\", \"gdp\" AS \"gdp_usd\" FROM \"Sample_Database\".\"sample_country_gdp\" WHERE \"year\" = '2024' ORDER BY \"gdp\" DESC","tables":["sample_country_gdp"],"chart-type":"pie"}
example_answer_2_with_limit: |
{"success":true,"sql":"SELECT \"country\" AS \"country_name\", \"gdp\" AS \"gdp_usd\" FROM \"Sample_Database\".\"sample_country_gdp\" WHERE \"year\" = '2024' ORDER BY \"gdp\" DESC LIMIT 1000","tables":["sample_country_gdp"],"chart-type":"pie"}
example_answer_3: |
{"success":true,"sql":"SELECT \"country\" AS \"country_name\", \"gdp\" AS \"gdp_usd\" FROM \"Sample_Database\".\"sample_country_gdp\" WHERE \"year\" = '2025' AND \"country\" = '中国'","tables":["sample_country_gdp"],"chart-type":"table"}
example_answer_3_with_limit: |
{"success":true,"sql":"SELECT \"country\" AS \"country_name\", \"gdp\" AS \"gdp_usd\" FROM \"Sample_Database\".\"sample_country_gdp\" WHERE \"year\" = '2025' AND \"country\" = '中国' LIMIT 1000","tables":["sample_country_gdp"],"chart-type":"table"}